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title: "A student analyzes the bonding character in four different solid binary substances, \\(Q\\), \\(R\\), \\(S\\), and \\(T\\). The constituent elements and their Pauling electronegativity values are shown in the table below.  | Substance | Constituent elements | Electronegativity of element 1 | Electronegativity of element 2 | | :— | :— | :— | :— | | \\(Q\\) | \\(\\text{K}\\) and \\(\\text{Br}\\) | \\(0.8\\) | \\(3.0\\) | | \\(R\\) | \\(\\text{Ti}\\) and \\(\\text{Al}\\) | \\(1.5\\) | \\(1.6\\) | | \\(S\\) | \\(\\text{C}\\) and \\(\\text{O}\\) | \\(2.5\\) | \\(3.5\\) | | \\(T\\) | \\(\\text{N}\\) and \\(\\text{Cl}\\) | \\(3.0\\) | \\(3.2\\) |  Based on the data in the table, which substance is best classified as a metallic solid held together by delocalized valence electrons?"
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date_modified: "2026-09-28T11:59:54+00:00"
---

# A student analyzes the bonding character in four different solid binary substances, \(Q\), \(R\), \(S\), and \(T\). The constituent elements and their Pauling electronegativity values are shown in the table below.

| Substance | Constituent elements | Electronegativity of element 1 | Electronegativity of element 2 |
| :— | :— | :— | :— |
| \(Q\) | \(\text{K}\) and \(\text{Br}\) | \(0.8\) | \(3.0\) |
| \(R\) | \(\text{Ti}\) and \(\text{Al}\) | \(1.5\) | \(1.6\) |
| \(S\) | \(\text{C}\) and \(\text{O}\) | \(2.5\) | \(3.5\) |
| \(T\) | \(\text{N}\) and \(\text{Cl}\) | \(3.0\) | \(3.2\) |

Based on the data in the table, which substance is best classified as a metallic solid held together by delocalized valence electrons?

A student analyzes the bonding character in four different solid binary substances, \(Q\), \(R\), \(S\), and \(T\). The constituent elements and their Pauling electronegativity values are shown in the table below.

| Substance | Constituent elements | Electronegativity of element 1 | Electronegativity of element 2 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| \(Q\) | \(\text{K}\) and \(\text{Br}\) | \(0.8\) | \(3.0\) |
| \(R\) | \(\text{Ti}\) and \(\text{Al}\) | \(1.5\) | \(1.6\) |
| \(S\) | \(\text{C}\) and \(\text{O}\) | \(2.5\) | \(3.5\) |
| \(T\) | \(\text{N}\) and \(\text{Cl}\) | \(3.0\) | \(3.2\) |

Based on the data in the table, which substance is best classified as a metallic solid held together by delocalized valence electrons?

- **A.** Substance \(Q\), because the large difference in electronegativity (\(\Delta\chi = 2.2\)) results in the transfer of electrons between atoms.
- **B.** Substance \(R\), because both constituent elements have low electronegativities and a small difference in electronegativity (\(\Delta\chi = 0.1\)), allowing valence electrons to be delocalized across the lattice.
- **C.** Substance \(S\), because the moderate difference in electronegativity (\(\Delta\chi = 1.0\)) results in polar covalent bonding with unequally shared electron pairs.
- **D.** Substance \(T\), because both constituent elements have high electronegativities and a small difference in electronegativity (\(\Delta\chi = 0.2\)), resulting in localized shared electron pairs.

*The answer key and step-by-step explanation are available to logged-in users at https://nerd-notes.com/ubq/123485/*