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AP Physics 2
9.6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptual21.2k
Two identical spherical bulbs, labeled Bulb A on the left and Bulb B on the right, are connected by a narrow horizontal tube with a valve in the middle. Inside Bulb A, four distinct circular particles labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4 are shown. Bulb B is completely empty. The valve on the connecting tube is shown in a closed position. No other labels, lines, text, or axes appear.
Four particles in connected bulbs.
Four distinguishable gas particles are initially confined to bulb A of a two-bulb apparatus consisting of identical bulbs A and B connected by a thin tube with a closed valve. The valve is then opened, allowing the particles to move freely between the bulbs. Which of the following statements correctly compares the probability \(P_{(4,0)}\) of finding all four particles in bulb A to the probability \(P_{(2,2)}\) of finding two particles in each bulb, and provides a correct explanation based on statistical mechanics?

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