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AP Physics 2
9.4 The First Law of Thermodynamics
IntermediateMCQConceptual17.8k
Side-by-side comparison of two identical insulated containers filled with liquid. Experiment 1 on the left shows a vertical rotating shaft entering through a top seal, terminating in a submerged paddle wheel with a label W entering along the shaft. Experiment 2 on the right shows an electrical heating element submerged in the liquid, connected to external leads, with a label Q entering the coil. Both containers feature double-walled hatching indicating thermal insulation. No other text or labels appear.
Two methods of transferring energy into identical liquid samples.
An insulated container holds a mass \(m\) of a liquid with specific heat capacity \(c\). In Experiment 1, a mechanical paddle wheel does work \(W\) on the liquid by stirring it. In Experiment 2, an identical sample of the liquid in an insulated container receives heat \(Q = W\) from a submerged heating wire with no stirring. How does the temperature change \(\Delta T_1\) of the liquid in Experiment 1 compare to the temperature change \(\Delta T_2\) of the liquid in Experiment 2, and why?

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