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AP Physics 2
9.5 Specific Heat and Thermal Conductivity
9.3 Thermal Energy Transfer and Equilibrium
IntermediateFRQGraphicalMathematicalProportional AnalysisConceptualExperimental21.9k
A horizontal cylindrical rod connects a heated water bath on the left to an ice block on the right. On the left, a beaker labeled 'Boiling Water (100°C)' sits on a hot plate, with the left end of the rod submerged in the water. On the right, the right end of the rod touches a block of ice labeled 'Ice (0°C)'. The ice block sits on a grated stand with a funnel underneath. Below the funnel, a small beaker rests on a rectangular box labeled 'Electronic Balance'. The middle section of the rod is covered by a thick outer cylinder labeled 'Foam Insulation'.
Figure 1. Experimental setup
A group of students is tasked with experimentally determining the thermal conductivity \(k\) of a newly developed solid cylindrical metal alloy rod. The students are provided with a room-temperature laboratory (approximately \(20^\circ\text{C}\)) and the following equipment:

- The solid cylindrical alloy rod
- A boiling water bath maintained at \(100^\circ\text{C}\)
- A large block of ice at \(0^\circ\text{C}\) resting on a stand with a funnel beneath it
- An electronic balance
- Empty beakers
- A stopwatch
- Calipers and a metric ruler
- A foam insulation sleeve that perfectly fits around the rod

The students set up the equipment so that one end of the rod is submerged in the boiling water and the other end is pressed firmly into the ice block. Water from the melting ice drips through the funnel into a beaker resting on the electronic balance. The foam insulation sleeve covers the entire exposed length of the rod between the water bath and the ice.

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