AP Chemistry
6.9 Hess’s Law
A student attempts to determine the standard enthalpy change, \(\Delta H^\circ_{rxn}\), for the industrial dehydrogenation of propane to propene:
\[\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{(g)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)}\]
The student looks up the standard enthalpies of combustion for the relevant species, as summarized in the table below.
Which of the following mathematical expressions correctly determines \(\Delta H^\circ_{rxn}\) for the dehydrogenation reaction?
\[\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{(g)} + \text{H}_2\text{(g)}\]
The student looks up the standard enthalpies of combustion for the relevant species, as summarized in the table below.
| Reaction | Chemical Equation | Enthalpy Change |
|---|---|---|
| (1) | \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)} + 5\,\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow 3\,\text{CO}_2\text{(g)} + 4\,\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}\) | \(\Delta H_1\) |
| (2) | \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{(g)} + \dfrac{9}{2}\,\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow 3\,\text{CO}_2\text{(g)} + 3\,\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}\) | \(\Delta H_2\) |
| (3) | \(\text{H}_2\text{(g)} + \dfrac{1}{2}\,\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}\) | \(\Delta H_3\) |
Which of the following mathematical expressions correctly determines \(\Delta H^\circ_{rxn}\) for the dehydrogenation reaction?
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