AP Chemistry
4.5 Stoichiometry
A student synthesizes diethyl ether, \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) (molar mass \(74.0\text{ g/mol}\)), by heating ethanol, \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}\) (molar mass \(46.0\text{ g/mol}\)), in the presence of an acid catalyst according to the balanced equation below.
\[ 2\,\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH(l)} \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O(l)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \]
The student begins the reaction with \(92.0\text{ g}\) of \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}\). After heating and distillation, a crude liquid mixture with a mass of \(44.4\text{ g}\) is collected. Due to an elimination side reaction and unreacted starting material, the collected mixture contains only \(75.0\%\) \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) by mass. What is the percent yield of \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) in this synthesis?
\[ 2\,\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH(l)} \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O(l)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \]
The student begins the reaction with \(92.0\text{ g}\) of \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH}\). After heating and distillation, a crude liquid mixture with a mass of \(44.4\text{ g}\) is collected. Due to an elimination side reaction and unreacted starting material, the collected mixture contains only \(75.0\%\) \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) by mass. What is the percent yield of \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) in this synthesis?
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