AP Chemistry
3.6 Deviation from Ideal Gas Law
3.5 Kinetic Molecular Theory
3.1 Intermolecular and Interparticle Forces
A student separately places identical amounts of gaseous ammonia and methane in rigid containers of equal volume. At each temperature, no condensation is observed. The student calculates the ideal-gas pressure using \(P_{\text{ideal}}V=nRT\) and records the following data.
Which of the following statements best explains why the pressure ratio for \(\text{NH}_3\text{(g)}\) is lower than that for \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) and decreases more upon cooling?
| Gas | \(\dfrac{P_{\text{measured}}}{P_{\text{ideal}}}\) at \(500\text{ K}\) | \(\dfrac{P_{\text{measured}}}{P_{\text{ideal}}}\) at \(300\text{ K}\) |
|---|---|---|
| \(\text{NH}_3\text{(g)}\) | \(0.98\) | \(0.95\) |
| \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) | \(1.02\) | \(1.01\) |
Which of the following statements best explains why the pressure ratio for \(\text{NH}_3\text{(g)}\) is lower than that for \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) and decreases more upon cooling?
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