AP Chemistry
1.3 Elemental Composition of Pure Substances
1.1 Moles and Molar Mass
A student investigates a pure hydrocarbon, \(X\), with a measured molar mass of \(56.0\ \text{g mol}^{-1}\). Independent evidence limits the identity of \(X\) to cyclobutane or methylcyclopropane, which are structural isomers. During a combustion analysis in limited \(\text{O}_2\), all hydrogen atoms from the sample are recovered in \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\), but some carbon atoms form \(\text{CO}\). No solid carbon is observed.
The gas leaving the collection apparatus gives a positive test for \(\text{CO}\). By incorrectly assuming complete combustion and using only the collected \(\text{CO}_2\) and \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\), the student reports an empirical formula of \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\) rather than \(\text{CH}_2\). Which statement correctly explains the discrepancy and determines whether a subsequent complete-combustion analysis based only on product masses could distinguish the candidates?
| Quantity | Measured value |
|---|---|
| Mass of \(X\) burned | \(0.560\ \text{g}\) |
| Mass of \(\text{CO}_2\) collected | \(1.320\ \text{g}\) |
| Mass of \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\) collected | \(0.720\ \text{g}\) |
The gas leaving the collection apparatus gives a positive test for \(\text{CO}\). By incorrectly assuming complete combustion and using only the collected \(\text{CO}_2\) and \(\text{H}_2\text{O}\), the student reports an empirical formula of \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\) rather than \(\text{CH}_2\). Which statement correctly explains the discrepancy and determines whether a subsequent complete-combustion analysis based only on product masses could distinguish the candidates?
Similar Questions
Tools for a 5
AP aligned mock tests to help you get a 5.
With grading, adaptive explanations, and more.
Find a Quiz
Find, solve, and grade every AP FRQ ever.
Find an FRQ
Stuck on AP Chemistry? Get unstuck with an AP specialist.1 to 1 tutors who know the exam inside out. Understand weeks of material in a single session.Book a SessionSee all our elite tutors
Learn AP Physics from scratch, quickly. This is the only course you'll need for the year.
A self-paced course with everything you need to get a 5. Trusted by over 15,000 students and 200+ schools. Learn fast, or we'll refund your purchase, backed by our 100% satisfaction guarantee.
Explore the Course