AP Chemistry
9.2 Absolute Entropy and Entropy Change
9.1 Introduction to Entropy
A student examines the standard molar entropy (\(S^\circ\)) data at \(298\text{ K}\) for four straight-chain gaseous hydrocarbons shown in the table below.
Based on the data and principles of molecular structure and entropy, which of the following best explains why \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{(g)}\) has a higher standard molar entropy than \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)}\)?
| Substance | Formula | Molar mass (\(\text{g/mol}\)) | \(S^\circ\) (\(\text{J}/(\text{mol}\cdot\text{K})\)) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Methane | \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) | \(16.04\) | \(186.3\) |
| Ethane | \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{(g)}\) | \(30.07\) | \(229.6\) |
| Propane | \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)}\) | \(44.10\) | \(270.3\) |
| Butane | \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{(g)}\) | \(58.12\) | \(310.2\) |
Based on the data and principles of molecular structure and entropy, which of the following best explains why \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{(g)}\) has a higher standard molar entropy than \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_8\text{(g)}\)?
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