AP Chemistry
9.10 Cell Potential Under Nonstandard Conditions
9.9 Cell Potential and Free Energy
A student constructs a galvanic cell under standard conditions at \(298\text{ K}\) using the overall reaction shown below:
\[ \text{Zn(s)} + \text{Cu}^{2+}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Zn}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + \text{Cu(s)} \quad E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = +1.10\text{ V} \]
The cell is initially operated with \(100\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M }\text{Zn(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)}\) in the anode compartment and \(100\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M }\text{Cu(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)}\) in the cathode compartment. The student then adds \(100\text{ mL}\) of distilled water to the anode compartment while keeping the cathode compartment unchanged. Which of the following best predicts and justifies the effect of this modification on the cell potential, \(E_{\text{cell}}\)?
\[ \text{Zn(s)} + \text{Cu}^{2+}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Zn}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + \text{Cu(s)} \quad E^\circ_{\text{cell}} = +1.10\text{ V} \]
The cell is initially operated with \(100\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M }\text{Zn(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)}\) in the anode compartment and \(100\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M }\text{Cu(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)}\) in the cathode compartment. The student then adds \(100\text{ mL}\) of distilled water to the anode compartment while keeping the cathode compartment unchanged. Which of the following best predicts and justifies the effect of this modification on the cell potential, \(E_{\text{cell}}\)?
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