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AP Chemistry
5.8 Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law
5.3 Concentration Changes Over Time
5.2 Introduction to Rate Law
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptual19.2k
A student investigates the kinetics of the reaction represented by the equation below.

\[ \text{A}\text{(aq)} + 2\,\text{B}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{C}\text{(aq)} \]

To determine the rate law, the student performs three trials at \(298\text{ K}\) in which \(\text{B}\text{(aq)}\) is present in large excess (\([\text{B}]_0 \gg [\text{A}]_0\)), so that \([\text{B}]\) remains essentially constant throughout each trial. Under these conditions, the rate law is given by:

\[ \text{Rate} = k'[\text{A}]^m \]

where \(k' = k[\text{B}]_0^n\). In each trial, a plot of \(\ln[\text{A}]\) versus time yields a straight line. The experimental data collected are shown in the following table.

Trial\([\text{A}]_0\text{ (M)}\)\([\text{B}]_0\text{ (M)}\)\(k'\text{ (s}^{-1}\text{)}\)
1\(1.0 \times 10^{-4}\)\(0.10\)\(2.0 \times 10^{-3}\)
2\(2.0 \times 10^{-4}\)\(0.10\)\(2.0 \times 10^{-3}\)
3\(1.0 \times 10^{-4}\)\(0.20\)\(8.0 \times 10^{-3}\)

Which of the following is the rate law for the reaction and the calculated value of the rate constant, \(k\)?

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