AP Chemistry
5.8 Reaction Mechanism and Rate Law
5.3 Concentration Changes Over Time
5.2 Introduction to Rate Law
A student investigates the kinetics of the reaction represented by the equation below.
\[ \text{A}\text{(aq)} + 2\,\text{B}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{C}\text{(aq)} \]
To determine the rate law, the student performs three trials at \(298\text{ K}\) in which \(\text{B}\text{(aq)}\) is present in large excess (\([\text{B}]_0 \gg [\text{A}]_0\)), so that \([\text{B}]\) remains essentially constant throughout each trial. Under these conditions, the rate law is given by:
\[ \text{Rate} = k'[\text{A}]^m \]
where \(k' = k[\text{B}]_0^n\). In each trial, a plot of \(\ln[\text{A}]\) versus time yields a straight line. The experimental data collected are shown in the following table.
Which of the following is the rate law for the reaction and the calculated value of the rate constant, \(k\)?
\[ \text{A}\text{(aq)} + 2\,\text{B}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{C}\text{(aq)} \]
To determine the rate law, the student performs three trials at \(298\text{ K}\) in which \(\text{B}\text{(aq)}\) is present in large excess (\([\text{B}]_0 \gg [\text{A}]_0\)), so that \([\text{B}]\) remains essentially constant throughout each trial. Under these conditions, the rate law is given by:
\[ \text{Rate} = k'[\text{A}]^m \]
where \(k' = k[\text{B}]_0^n\). In each trial, a plot of \(\ln[\text{A}]\) versus time yields a straight line. The experimental data collected are shown in the following table.
| Trial | \([\text{A}]_0\text{ (M)}\) | \([\text{B}]_0\text{ (M)}\) | \(k'\text{ (s}^{-1}\text{)}\) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(1.0 \times 10^{-4}\) | \(0.10\) | \(2.0 \times 10^{-3}\) |
| 2 | \(2.0 \times 10^{-4}\) | \(0.10\) | \(2.0 \times 10^{-3}\) |
| 3 | \(1.0 \times 10^{-4}\) | \(0.20\) | \(8.0 \times 10^{-3}\) |
Which of the following is the rate law for the reaction and the calculated value of the rate constant, \(k\)?
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