AP Chemistry
3.6 Deviation from Ideal Gas Law
3.4 Ideal Gas Law
A student conducts an experiment to determine the molar mass of an unknown pure volatile liquid using the vapor density method. A sample of the liquid is completely vaporized in a closed container, and the temperature, pressure, volume, and mass of the vapor are recorded across three separate trials at \(300\text{ K}\).
The student consults the following reference table of candidate volatile liquids:
Based on the experimental data, which of the candidate liquids is the unknown, and which statement provides the correct justification?
| Trial | Pressure (\(\text{atm}\)) | Volume (\(\text{L}\)) | Temperature (\(\text{K}\)) | Mass of vapor (\(\text{g}\)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(1.00\) | \(0.246\) | \(300\) | \(0.88\) |
| 2 | \(0.50\) | \(0.492\) | \(300\) | \(0.88\) |
| 3 | \(0.75\) | \(0.246\) | \(300\) | \(0.66\) |
The student consults the following reference table of candidate volatile liquids:
| Candidate liquid | Molecular formula | Molar mass (\(\text{g/mol}\)) |
|---|---|---|
| Ethanol | \(\text{C}_2\text{H}_6\text{O}\) | \(46\) |
| Acetone | \(\text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{O}\) | \(58\) |
| Diethyl ether | \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_{10}\text{O}\) | \(74\) |
| Ethyl acetate | \(\text{C}_4\text{H}_8\text{O}_2\) | \(88\) |
Based on the experimental data, which of the candidate liquids is the unknown, and which statement provides the correct justification?
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