AP Chemistry
6.6 Introduction to Enthalpy of Reaction
6.4 Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
A student conducts two separate calorimetry trials to investigate the enthalpy of neutralization for the reaction represented by the equation below:
\[ \text{HCl(aq)} + \text{NaOH(aq)} \rightarrow \text{NaCl(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad \Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = -56\text{ kJ/mol}_{\text{rxn}} \]
In each trial, the indicated solutions, initially at \(22.0\ ^\circ\text{C}\), are mixed in an insulated calorimeter of negligible heat capacity. Assume that all solutions have a density of \(1.00\text{ g/mL}\) and a specific heat capacity of \(4.18\text{ J/(g}\cdot^\circ\text{C)}\).
Which of the following correctly predicts and explains the relationship between the temperature change in Trial 2, \(\Delta T_2\), and the temperature change in Trial 1, \(\Delta T_1\)?
\[ \text{HCl(aq)} + \text{NaOH(aq)} \rightarrow \text{NaCl(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad \Delta H^\circ_{\text{rxn}} = -56\text{ kJ/mol}_{\text{rxn}} \]
In each trial, the indicated solutions, initially at \(22.0\ ^\circ\text{C}\), are mixed in an insulated calorimeter of negligible heat capacity. Assume that all solutions have a density of \(1.00\text{ g/mL}\) and a specific heat capacity of \(4.18\text{ J/(g}\cdot^\circ\text{C)}\).
| Trial | Volume and concentration of \(\text{HCl(aq)}\) | Volume and concentration of \(\text{NaOH(aq)}\) | Total volume |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | \(50.0\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M}\) | \(50.0\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M}\) | \(100.0\text{ mL}\) |
| 2 | \(50.0\text{ mL}\) of \(1.0\text{ M}\) | \(50.0\text{ mL}\) of \(2.0\text{ M}\) | \(100.0\text{ mL}\) |
Which of the following correctly predicts and explains the relationship between the temperature change in Trial 2, \(\Delta T_2\), and the temperature change in Trial 1, \(\Delta T_1\)?
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