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AP Chemistry
6.9 Hess’s Law
6.6 Introduction to Enthalpy of Reaction
IntermediateMCQMathematical18.1k
The extraction of iron from iron(III) oxide in an industrial blast furnace occurs through a series of stepwise reduction reactions using carbon monoxide, \(\text{CO(g)}\), as summarized in the table below.

ReactionChemical equation\(\Delta H^\circ\ (\text{kJ/mol}_{\text{rxn}})\)
1\(3\,\text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\text{(s)} + \text{CO(g)} \rightarrow 2\,\text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4\text{(s)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)}\)\(-45\)
2\(\text{Fe}_3\text{O}_4\text{(s)} + \text{CO(g)} \rightarrow 3\,\text{FeO(s)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)}\)\(+21\)
3\(\text{FeO(s)} + \text{CO(g)} \rightarrow \text{Fe(s)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)}\)\(-18\)

Based on the data in the table, what is the standard enthalpy change, \(\Delta H^\circ\), for the overall reduction of iron(III) oxide represented by the equation below?
\[ \text{Fe}_2\text{O}_3\text{(s)} + 3\,\text{CO(g)} \rightarrow 2\,\text{Fe(s)} + 3\,\text{CO}_2\text{(g)} \]

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