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AP Chemistry
6.8 Enthalpy of Formation
6.6 Introduction to Enthalpy of Reaction
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptual18.6k
A student investigates the thermochemical properties of three gaseous constitutional isomers with the molecular formula \(\text{C}_5\text{H}_{12}\). The standard enthalpies of formation, \(\Delta H_f^\circ\), for the isomers at \(298 \text{ K}\) are given in the table below.

IsomerStructural formula\(\Delta H_f^\circ\ (\text{kJ/mol})\)
\(\text{X}\)\(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3\)\(-146\)
\(\text{Y}\)\((\text{CH}_3)_2\text{CHCH}_2\text{CH}_3\)\(-154\)
\(\text{Z}\)\(\text{C}(\text{CH}_3)_4\)\(-168\)

All three isomers undergo complete combustion with excess \(\text{O}_2\text{(g)}\) according to the following equation:
\[ \text{C}_5\text{H}_{12}\text{(g)} + 8\,\text{O}_2\text{(g)} \rightarrow 5\,\text{CO}_2\text{(g)} + 6\,\text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \]

Which of the following correctly ranks the isomers in order of the magnitude of heat released per mole of isomer completely combusted, from greatest to least, with the correct justification?

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