AP Chemistry
9.9 Cell Potential and Free Energy
9.8 Galvanic (Voltaic) and Electrolytic Cells
A student constructs three separate galvanic cells at \(298\text{ K}\) under standard conditions using strips of three hypothetical transition metals, \(\text{M}_1\), \(\text{M}_2\), and \(\text{M}_3\), each immersed in a \(1.0\text{ M}\) aqueous solution of its corresponding nitrate salt, \(\text{M(NO}_3)_2\text{(aq)}\).
The three galvanic cells are assembled as shown in the table below.
Which of the following correctly ranks the standard cell potential, \(E^\circ_{\text{cell}}\), of the three galvanic cells from greatest to least?
| Standard Reduction Half-Reaction | \(E^\circ\text{ (V)}\) |
|---|---|
| \(\text{M}_1^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\,e^- \rightarrow \text{M}_1\text{(s)}\) | \(-0.76\) |
| \(\text{M}_2^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\,e^- \rightarrow \text{M}_2\text{(s)}\) | \(-0.16\) |
| \(\text{M}_3^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\,e^- \rightarrow \text{M}_3\text{(s)}\) | \(+0.34\) |
The three galvanic cells are assembled as shown in the table below.
| Cell | Anode Half-Cell | Cathode Half-Cell |
|---|---|---|
| Cell 1 | \(\text{M}_1\text{(s)} \mid \text{M}_1^{2+}\text{(aq)}\) | \(\text{M}_2^{2+}\text{(aq)} \mid \text{M}_2\text{(s)}\) |
| Cell 2 | \(\text{M}_2\text{(s)} \mid \text{M}_2^{2+}\text{(aq)}\) | \(\text{M}_3^{2+}\text{(aq)} \mid \text{M}_3\text{(s)}\) |
| Cell 3 | \(\text{M}_1\text{(s)} \mid \text{M}_1^{2+}\text{(aq)}\) | \(\text{M}_3^{2+}\text{(aq)} \mid \text{M}_3\text{(s)}\) |
Which of the following correctly ranks the standard cell potential, \(E^\circ_{\text{cell}}\), of the three galvanic cells from greatest to least?
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