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AP Physics C: Mechanics
6.6 Motion of Orbiting Satellites
2.9 Resistive Forces
Multi-Unit
AdvancedMCQConceptual24.6k
A central shaded circle represents Earth of mass M. A dashed spiral curve with arrowheads oriented counterclockwise begins at an outer radius and winds inward by two complete revolutions toward Earth. A small solid circle representing the satellite is drawn along the spiral path. At the position of the satellite, a single straight arrow pointing in the clockwise direction opposite the satellite motion is labeled F_drag. No other labels, lines, text, or axes appear.
A satellite undergoing orbital decay due to atmospheric drag.
A satellite in an initially circular low Earth orbit experiences a very small atmospheric drag force that causes its trajectory to slowly decay inward through a series of nearly circular orbits of decreasing radius \(r\). Precise tracking data reveal that as the orbital radius decreases over many revolutions, the satellite's orbital speed \(v\) increases. Which of the following best explains why the satellite speeds up despite the continuous dissipation of mechanical energy by drag?

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