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AP Physics C: E&M
8.6 Gauss’s Law
8.4 Electric Fields of Charge Distributions
8.3 Electric Fields
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptual14.7k
A vertical thick solid line segment of length L is centered at the origin of a coordinate system. A vertical dashed axis labeled z passes through the rod, with +L/2 at the top end and -L/2 at the bottom end. A horizontal solid axis extends to the right and is labeled x. A point P is marked on the positive x-axis at distance r from the origin. Two straight dashed lines extend from point P to the top end (+L/2) and bottom end (-L/2) of the rod, forming an angle subtended at P. No other labels, lines, text, or axes appear.
A detector at point P on the perpendicular bisector of a uniformly charged rod of length L.
A thin, nonconducting rod of length \(L\) lies along the \(z\)-axis, centered at the origin, and carries a total positive charge \(Q\) distributed uniformly along its length. A detector measures the electric field magnitude \(E(r)\) as a function of distance \(r\) along the positive \(x\)-axis, which forms the perpendicular bisector of the rod. The measured field magnitude is well approximated by a \(1/r\) dependence when \(r \ll L\), but transitions smoothly to a \(1/r^2\) dependence when \(r \gg L\). Which of the following statements provides the physically correct explanation for this transition?

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