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AP Physics 2
11.6 Kirchhoff’s Loop Rule
11.5 Compound Direct Current (DC) Circuits
11.3 Resistance, Resistivity, and Ohm’s Law
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptual15.3k
A schematic diagram of an electric circuit. On the left, a real battery is represented by a dashed rectangular outline containing an ideal DC source labeled \(\mathcal{E}\) connected in series with an internal resistor labeled \(r\). An ideal voltmeter labeled V is connected across the two output terminals of the dashed box. Outside the box, resistor \(R_1 = 6.0\text{ }\Omega\) is connected across the battery terminals in the main loop. A second parallel branch contains resistor \(R_2 = 12\text{ }\Omega\) in series with switch \(S\), shown open. Ideal wires connect all components. No other labels, lines, or components appear.
Circuit schematic with open switch S.
A real battery with unknown electromotive force \(\mathcal{E}\) and unknown internal resistance \(r\) is connected in a circuit with resistor \(R_1 = 6.0\text{ }\Omega\), resistor \(R_2 = 12\text{ }\Omega\), and switch \(S\). An ideal voltmeter connected directly across the battery terminals reads \(9.0\text{ V}\) when switch \(S\) is open. When switch \(S\) is closed, the voltmeter reading drops to \(8.0\text{ V}\). What is the internal resistance \(r\) of the battery?

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