AP Chemistry
6.4 Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
6.3 Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium
6.1 Endothermic and Exothermic Processes
A student evaluates ammonium nitrate, \(\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3\), for use in an instant cold pack by dissolving a known amount of the solid in water. The dissolution is endothermic. Initially, the water, solid, and room are at the same temperature. The student performs the experiment in a covered, thin-walled vessel without an insulating jacket and calculates the enthalpy of dissolution using
\[q_{\text{solution}}=m_{\text{solution}}c_{\text{solution}}(T_f-T_i)\]
and
\[\Delta H_{\text{soln}}=-\dfrac{q_{\text{solution}}}{n_{\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3}}\]
Assume that heat exchange with the room is the only significant source of error. Compared with the accepted positive value of \(\Delta H_{\text{soln}}\), how will the calculated value be affected, and why?
\[q_{\text{solution}}=m_{\text{solution}}c_{\text{solution}}(T_f-T_i)\]
and
\[\Delta H_{\text{soln}}=-\dfrac{q_{\text{solution}}}{n_{\text{NH}_4\text{NO}_3}}\]
Assume that heat exchange with the room is the only significant source of error. Compared with the accepted positive value of \(\Delta H_{\text{soln}}\), how will the calculated value be affected, and why?
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