AP Chemistry
6.4 Heat Capacity and Calorimetry
6.3 Heat Transfer and Thermal Equilibrium
A student conducts a calorimetry experiment to investigate thermal equilibrium. Three separate \(50.0\text{ g}\) metal samples—aluminum (\(\text{Al}\)), iron (\(\text{Fe}\)), and lead (\(\text{Pb}\))—are heated to \(100.0^\circ\text{C}\) in a boiling-water bath. Each hot metal sample is then transferred into a separate well-insulated calorimeter containing \(100.0\text{ g}\) of distilled water at \(20.0^\circ\text{C}\).
Assuming negligible heat loss to the surroundings and calorimeters, which of the following correctly ranks the final equilibrium temperatures, \(T_f\), of the water samples from greatest to least?
| Metal | Specific Heat Capacity \(\left(\text{J}/(\text{g}\cdot^\circ\text{C})\right)\) |
|---|---|
| \(\text{Al(s)}\) | \(0.90\) |
| \(\text{Fe(s)}\) | \(0.45\) |
| \(\text{Pb(s)}\) | \(0.13\) |
Assuming negligible heat loss to the surroundings and calorimeters, which of the following correctly ranks the final equilibrium temperatures, \(T_f\), of the water samples from greatest to least?
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