AP Chemistry
4.5 Stoichiometry
A student synthesizes calcium oxalate in two reactions. In the first reaction, nitric acid is added to excess calcium carbonate. After the reaction stops, the remaining solid is removed by filtration.
\[ \text{CaCO}_3\text{(s)}+2\text{HNO}_3\text{(aq)}\rightarrow \text{Ca(NO}_3\text{)}_2\text{(aq)}+\text{CO}_2\text{(g)}+\text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \]
The entire filtrate is then combined with sodium oxalate solution.
\[ \text{Ca(NO}_3\text{)}_2\text{(aq)}+\text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4\text{(aq)}\rightarrow \text{CaC}_2\text{O}_4\text{(s)}+2\text{NaNO}_3\text{(aq)} \]
Which pair gives the theoretical yield of \(\text{CaC}_2\text{O}_4\) and the overall percent yield of the sequence?
\[ \text{CaCO}_3\text{(s)}+2\text{HNO}_3\text{(aq)}\rightarrow \text{Ca(NO}_3\text{)}_2\text{(aq)}+\text{CO}_2\text{(g)}+\text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \]
The entire filtrate is then combined with sodium oxalate solution.
\[ \text{Ca(NO}_3\text{)}_2\text{(aq)}+\text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4\text{(aq)}\rightarrow \text{CaC}_2\text{O}_4\text{(s)}+2\text{NaNO}_3\text{(aq)} \]
| Substance | Mass used or collected | Molar mass |
|---|---|---|
| \(\text{CaCO}_3\) | \(20.0\text{ g}\) | \(100\text{ g/mol}\) |
| \(\text{HNO}_3\) | \(18.9\text{ g}\) | \(63.0\text{ g/mol}\) |
| \(\text{Na}_2\text{C}_2\text{O}_4\) | \(8.04\text{ g}\) | \(134\text{ g/mol}\) |
| \(\text{CaC}_2\text{O}_4\) | \(6.14\text{ g}\) collected | \(128\text{ g/mol}\) |
Which pair gives the theoretical yield of \(\text{CaC}_2\text{O}_4\) and the overall percent yield of the sequence?
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