AP Chemistry
9.6 Free Energy of Dissolution
9.3 Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Favorability
A student dissolves a sample of solid potassium nitrate, \(\text{KNO}_3(s)\), in water at \(298\text{ K}\) and observes that the solid dissolves completely while the temperature of the solution decreases. The lattice energy required to separate \(\text{KNO}_3(s)\) into ions is greater in magnitude than the energy released by the hydration of \(\text{K}^+\) and \(\text{NO}_3^-\) ions. Which of the following statements best explains why the dissolution of \(\text{KNO}_3(s)\) is thermodynamically favorable at \(298\text{ K}\)?
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