AP Chemistry
3.6 Deviation from Ideal Gas Law
3.1 Intermolecular and Interparticle Forces
A student investigates the non-ideal behavior of gases at low temperature and moderately high pressure. Separate samples containing exactly \(1.00\text{ mol}\) of \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) and \(1.00\text{ mol}\) of \(\text{CF}_4\text{(g)}\) are placed into identical \(1.00\text{ L}\) rigid containers at \(250\text{ K}\). The student calculates the ideal pressure using \(PV = nRT\) and records the experimentally measured pressures in the table below.
Which of the following best explains why the measured pressure of \(\text{CF}_4\text{(g)}\) is lower than the measured pressure of \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) under these conditions?
| Gas | Temperature (\(\text{K}\)) | Volume (\(\text{L}\)) | Calculated \(P_{\text{ideal}}\) (\(\text{atm}\)) | Measured \(P\) (\(\text{atm}\)) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) | \(250\) | \(1.00\) | \(20.5\) | \(19.2\) |
| \(\text{CF}_4\text{(g)}\) | \(250\) | \(1.00\) | \(20.5\) | \(17.9\) |
Which of the following best explains why the measured pressure of \(\text{CF}_4\text{(g)}\) is lower than the measured pressure of \(\text{CH}_4\text{(g)}\) under these conditions?
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