AP Chemistry
1.4 Composition of Mixtures
1.3 Elemental Composition of Pure Substances
1.1 Moles and Molar Mass
A student determines the mass percent of chloride in an unknown solid mixture containing a soluble chloride salt and an inert, non-chloride water-soluble compound. The student dissolves a \(1.000\text{ g}\) sample of the mixture in distilled water and adds an excess of \(0.20\text{ M AgNO}_3\text{(aq)}\) to precipitate all chloride ions as \(\text{AgCl(s)}\). The precipitate is collected on filter paper in a crucible and heated repeatedly in an oven to dry it. The recorded data are shown in the table below.
Given that the molar mass of \(\text{AgCl}\) is \(143.3\text{ g/mol}\) and the atomic mass of \(\text{Cl}\) is \(35.45\text{ g/mol}\), which of the following is the mass percent of chloride in the original mixture, along with the correct justification for heating to constant mass?
| Measurement | Mass (g) |
|---|---|
| Mass of unknown solid mixture sample | \(1.000\) |
| Mass of empty crucible and filter paper | \(21.500\) |
| Mass of crucible, filter paper, and precipitate after 1st heating | \(23.220\) |
| Mass of crucible, filter paper, and precipitate after 2nd heating | \(22.950\) |
| Mass of crucible, filter paper, and precipitate after 3rd heating | \(22.933\) |
| Mass of crucible, filter paper, and precipitate after 4th heating | \(22.933\) |
Given that the molar mass of \(\text{AgCl}\) is \(143.3\text{ g/mol}\) and the atomic mass of \(\text{Cl}\) is \(35.45\text{ g/mol}\), which of the following is the mass percent of chloride in the original mixture, along with the correct justification for heating to constant mass?
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