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AP Chemistry
1.7 Periodic Trends
1.5 Atomic Structure and Electron Configuration
AdvancedMCQConceptual21.3k
The ground-state valence electron configurations for four elements in Period \(3\) are shown in the table below.

ElementValence electron configuration
\(\text{Mg}\)\([\text{Ne}]\,3s^2\)
\(\text{Al}\)\([\text{Ne}]\,3s^2\,3p^1\)
\(\text{P}\)\([\text{Ne}]\,3s^2\,3p^3\)
\(\text{S}\)\([\text{Ne}]\,3s^2\,3p^4\)

Which of the following correctly ranks these elements in order of decreasing first ionization energy, and provides the valid electronic justification for the observed ranking?

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