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AP Chemistry
4.8 Introduction to Acid-Base Reactions
4.7 Types of Chemical Reactions
4.5 Stoichiometry
4.2 Net Ionic Equations
AdvancedMCQExperimental16k
A student performs an experiment to determine the percent by mass of \(\text{CaCO}_3\text{(s)}\) in an impure mineral sample using the mass loss of evolved \(\text{CO}_2\text{(g)}\). The intended reaction is represented by the following net ionic equation:

\[\text{CaCO}_3\text{(s)} + 2\,\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Ca}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} + \text{CO}_2\text{(g)}\]

The student places a \(3.00\text{ g}\) sample into a beaker, adds an excess of \(1.0\text{ M }\text{HCl(aq)}\), and records the total mass of the beaker and its contents over time until the mass stops decreasing. In a second trial using an identical \(3.00\text{ g}\) sample, the student mistakenly substitutes \(1.0\text{ M }\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4\text{(aq)}\) for \(1.0\text{ M }\text{HCl(aq)}\). The student observes that bubbling ceases prematurely while unreacted solid remains at the bottom of the beaker. Which of the following best predicts and explains the effect of this error on the calculated percent by mass of \(\text{CaCO}_3\text{(s)}\)?

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