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AP Chemistry
8.10 Buffer Capacity
8.9 Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
8.8 Properties of Buffers
AdvancedMCQMathematicalConceptualExperimental25.5k
A student prepares four separate \(100.0 \text{ mL}\) buffer solutions using a weak monoprotic acid, \(\text{HA}\) (\(\text{p}K_a = 5.00\)), and its conjugate base, \(\text{NaA}\). To each solution, the student adds \(0.0020 \text{ mol}\) of solid \(\text{NaOH}\) without causing a significant volume change, and records the resulting \(\text{pH}\) values in the table below.

Buffer\([\text{HA}]\) (M)\([\text{A}^-]\) (M)Initial \(\text{pH}\)Final \(\text{pH}\) after addition of \(0.0020 \text{ mol NaOH}\)
W\(0.50\)\(0.50\)\(5.00\)\(5.03\)
X\(0.50\)\(0.050\)\(4.00\)\(4.16\)
Y\(0.10\)\(0.10\)\(5.00\)\(5.18\)
Z\(0.050\)\(0.50\)\(6.00\)\(6.24\)

Based on the data, which of the following correctly ranks the buffer solutions from greatest to least buffer capacity against the added strong base, and provides the best justification?

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