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Advanced
Mathematical
MCQ

An apple is released from rest \(500 \, \text{m}\) above the ground. Due to the combined forces of air resistance and gravity, it has a speed of \(40 \, \text{m/s}\) when it reaches the ground. What percentage of the initial mechanical energy of the apple–Earth system was dissipated due to air resistance? Take the potential energy of the apple–Earth system to be zero when the apple reaches the ground.

Intermediate
Mathematical
GQ

It takes \(4 \, \text{s}\) for an individual to push a \(70 \, \text{kg}\) box up a \(5 \, \text{m}\) long, \(12^\circ\) ramp. The box starts from rest and achieves a speed of \(2.5 \, \text{m/s}\) at the top. Friction does \(350 \, \text{J}\) of work during its ascent. Calculate the power output of the individual pushing the box.

Intermediate
Mathematical
MCQ

A comet of mass \( m_c = 3.2 \times 10^{14} \) \( \text{kg} \) is orbiting a star with mass \( m_s = 1.8 \times 10^{30} \) \( \text{kg} \). The comet’s orbit is elliptical. At its closest point, the comet is a distance \( r_1 = 8.3 \times 10^{10} \) \( \text{m} \) from the star, and at its farthest point, the comet is a distance \( r_2 = 4.9 \times 10^{11} \) \( \text{m} \) from the star. What is the change in the kinetic energy of the comet as it moves along its orbit from distance \( r_2 \) to distance \( r_1 \) from the star?

Advanced
Conceptual
GQ

Why is the stopping distance of a truck much shorter than for a train going the same speed? Hint: try deriving a formula or stopping distance.

Intermediate
Mathematical
MCQ

When the mass of a simple pendulum is tripled, the time required for one complete vibration

Advanced
Mathematical
GQ

A \( 1000 \) \( \text{kg} \) car is traveling east at \( 20 \) \( \text{m/s} \) when it collides perfectly inelastically with a northbound \( 2000 \) \( \text{kg} \) car traveling at \( 15 \) \( \text{m/s} \). If the coefficient of kinetic friction is \( 0.9 \), how far, and at what angle do the two cars skid before coming to a stop?

Advanced
Mathematical
FRQ

Priscilla the Penguin stands at the edge of a rock ledge and tosses a small ice cube directly upward with an initial velocity of \( v_0 \). The ice cube’s initial height above the ground is \( 3.25 \, \text{m} \), and it reaches its maximum height above the ground \( 0.586 \, \text{s} \) after being thrown. The ice cube then plummets to the ground, missing the edge of the rock ledge on its way down.

Intermediate
Conceptual
MCQ

A friend is balancing a fork on one finger. Which of the following are correct explanations of how he accomplishes this? Select two answers.

Advanced
Proportional Analysis
MCQ

A centripetal force of \( 5.0 \) newtons is applied to a rubber stopper moving at a constant speed in a horizontal circle. If the same force is applied, but the radius is made smaller, what happens to the speed, \( v \), and the frequency, \( f \), of the stopper?

Intermediate
Conceptual
FRQ

The figure shows the velocity-versus-time graph for a basketball player traveling up and down the court in a straight-line path. Find the displacement of the player…

Intermediate
Mathematical
FRQ

A 0.2 kg object is attached to a horizontal spring undergoes SHM with the total energy of 0.4 J. The kinetic energy as a function of position presented by the graph.

Advanced
Conceptual
MCQ

A block is projected up a ramp with an initial speed \( v_0 \). It travels along the surface of the ramp with constant acceleration \( a \). Take the positive direction of motion to be up the ramp. If the acceleration vector points opposite the initial velocity vector, which of the following MUST be true?

Beginner
Conceptual
MCQ

A net force of \( 8.0 \) \( \text{N} \) accelerates a \( 4.0 \) \( \text{kg} \) body from rest to a speed of \( 5.0 \) \( \text{m s}^{-1} \). Which of the following is equal to the work done by the force?

Advanced
Conceptual
MCQ

A block is attached to a horizontal spring and is initially at rest at the equilibrium position \( x = 0 \), as shown in Figure \( 1 \). The block is then moved to position \( x = -A \), as shown in Figure \( 2 \), and released from rest, undergoing simple harmonic motion. At the instant the block reaches position \( x = +A \), another identical block is dropped onto and sticks to the block, as shown in Figure \( 3 \). The two–block–spring system then continues to undergo simple harmonic motion. Which of the following correctly compares the total mechanical energy \( E_{\text{tot},2} \) of the two–block–spring system after the collision to the total mechanical energy \( E_{\text{tot},1} \) of the one–block–spring system before the collision?

Advanced
Mathematical
GQ

A \(2,000 \, \text{kg}\) car collides with a stationary \(1,000 \, \text{kg}\) car. Afterwards, they slide \(6 \, \text{m}\) before coming to a stop. The coefficient of friction between the tires and the road is \(0.7\). Find the initial velocity of the \(2,000 \, \text{kg}\) car before the collision?

Intermediate
Mathematical
MCQ

A cart starts from rest and accelerates uniformly at \(4.0 \, \text{m/s}^2\) for \(5.0 \, \text{s}\). It next maintains the velocity it has reached for \(10 \, \text{s}\). Then it slows down at a steady rate of \(2.0 \, \text{m/s}^2\) for \(4.0 \, \text{s}\). What is the final speed of the car?

Intermediate
Mathematical
FRQ

A motorcycle has tires with a diameter of \( 44.0 \) \( \text{cm} \). Cruising down the highway, they are rotating at \( 1150 \) \( \text{rpm} \) (revolutions per minute).

Intermediate
Conceptual
MCQ
A side view diagram showing a uniform rod of length L pivoted at its upper left end. The rod is positioned at an angle of 45 degrees below the horizontal. A dashed horizontal reference line is drawn through the pivot point. An arc-shaped arrow indicates the clockwise motion of the rod towards the vertical. The pivot point is represented by a small filled circle.

A uniform rod of length \( L \) is pivoted at one end \(45^{\circ}\) below the horizontal and released from rest. The rod swings freely downward. Which of the following best describes the angular acceleration of the rod as it swings from the initial position to the vertical position?

Advanced
Proportional Analysis
MCQ

Ball \(A\) of mass \(m\) is dropped from a building of height \(H\). Ball \(B\) of mass \(1.7 \, \text{m}\) is dropped from a building of height \(1.7H\). Using energy, what the ratio of \(v_A\) to \(v_B\) (final velocity of ball \(A\) to final velocity of ball \(B\)). Air resistance is negligible.

Intermediate
Mathematical
GQ

A ball is attached to the end of a string. It is swung in a vertical circle of radius \( 0.33 \) \( \text{m} \). What is the minimum velocity that the ball must have to make it around the circle?

Intermediate
Conceptual
MCQ

Three pendulums are set in motion, oscillating through small amplitudes. Each has the same mass. Rank the period of the pendulums from shortest to longest.

Advanced
Conceptual
MCQ

In which one of the following circumstances does the principle of conservation of mechanical energy apply, even though a nonconservative force acts on the moving object?

Intermediate
Conceptual
MCQ

A solid sphere, solid cylinder, and a hollow pipe all have equal masses and radii. If the three of them are released simultaneously from the top of an inclined plane and do not slip, which one will reach the bottom first?

Advanced
Mathematical
GQ

Water flows from point \( A \) to points \( D \) and \( E \) as shown. Some of the flow parameters are known, as shown in the table. Determine the unknown parameters. Note the diagram above does not show the relative diameters of each section of the pipe.

Section Diameter Flow Rate Velocity
\( \text{AB} \) \( 300 \) \( \text{mm} \)  \(\textbf{?}\)  \(\textbf{?}\)
\( \text{BC} \) \( 600 \) \( \text{mm} \)  \(\textbf{?}\) \( 1.2 \) \( \text{m/s} \)
\( \text{CD} \)  \(\textbf{?}\) \( Q_{CD} = 2Q_{CE} \) \( \text{m}^3/\text{s} \) \( 1.4 \) \( \text{m/s} \)
\( \text{CE} \) \( 150 \) \( \text{mm} \) \( Q_{CE} = 0.5Q_{CD} \) \( \text{m}^3/\text{s} \)  \(\textbf{?}\)

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