AP Chemistry
9.7 Coupled Reactions
The phosphorylation of glucose is an initial step in cellular glycolysis:
\[ \text{glucose(aq)} + \text{P}_i\text{(aq)} \rightleftharpoons \text{glucose-6-phosphate(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad \Delta G^\circ = +13.8\text{ kJ/mol} \]
In biological systems, this reaction is coupled with the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (\(\text{ATP}\)):
\[ \text{ATP(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightleftharpoons \text{ADP(aq)} + \text{P}_i\text{(aq)} \quad \Delta G^\circ = -30.5\text{ kJ/mol} \]
Which of the following statements best explains why coupling these two reactions allows the synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate to be thermodynamically favorable under standard conditions?
\[ \text{glucose(aq)} + \text{P}_i\text{(aq)} \rightleftharpoons \text{glucose-6-phosphate(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \quad \Delta G^\circ = +13.8\text{ kJ/mol} \]
In biological systems, this reaction is coupled with the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (\(\text{ATP}\)):
\[ \text{ATP(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightleftharpoons \text{ADP(aq)} + \text{P}_i\text{(aq)} \quad \Delta G^\circ = -30.5\text{ kJ/mol} \]
Which of the following statements best explains why coupling these two reactions allows the synthesis of glucose-6-phosphate to be thermodynamically favorable under standard conditions?
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