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AP Physics 1
8.4 Fluids and Conservation Laws
8.2 Pressure
AdvancedFRQMathematicalProportional AnalysisConceptual14.7k
A rectangular tank is partially filled with fluid. The fluid surface is indicated by a horizontal line. A U-shaped siphon tube is inserted into the fluid. One leg of the tube is submerged in the fluid inside the tank. The tube goes up and over the right edge of the tank, reaching a maximum point at a vertical height h above the fluid surface. The other leg of the tube extends vertically downward outside the tank, ending at an open hole at a vertical depth d below the fluid surface. Dashed horizontal lines extend from the fluid surface, the top of the tube, and the bottom of the tube to clearly indicate the vertical distances h and d.
Figure 1. A uniform siphon tube draining fluid from a tank.
A large, open tank contains an ideal fluid of density \(\rho\). A siphon made of a uniform tube of constant cross-sectional area \(A\) is used to drain the fluid. The tube goes over the top edge of the tank, reaching a height \(h\) above the surface of the fluid, and then extends downward. The open end of the tube is at a depth \(d\) below the surface of the fluid, where the fluid exits into the air. The atmospheric pressure is \(P_0\). The horizontal cross-sectional area of the tank is much larger than \(A\), so the speed of the fluid's surface can be considered negligible. Energy dissipation due to viscosity is negligible.

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